Answers

You should use the same kind of wood that is existing at the same size.

I wouldn’t worry about it. It’s pretty normal to see that checking in beams and logs. If it is a major worry then you should have a structural engineer look at it.

Using some Liquid Gold per label instructions always makes the logs look nice.

Sounds like sap. Must have been a little green. Let it dry for a few months before staining.

Yes, it helps make it stick. I would steer you away from mortar unless you are doing a historical site.

You need to clean the logs first, and then caulk the chink lines with Energy Seal. You can then stain and clear coat. Call Mike at 866-670-3020 for help and a quote.

Sorry, I do not.

Depends on what color you want to end up with. Also, I do not recommend using mortar for chink unless you are working on a historic site. Will cause problems in the future with rot.

Not sure what cpes is, but you should get a mold expert to look at it and get the outside caulked. Call Mike for the caulking at 866-670-3020.

Not sure if you can get that smell out. You might have to sand and wash with a strong disinfectant.